Electrical break



No. 623,3l 7. Patented Apr. 18, I899.

. T. B. KINRAIDE.

ELECTRICAL BREAK.

(Application filed Sept. 24, 1898.)

(No Model.)

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' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS E. KINRAIDE, .o-E BosToN, MASSAOIIUSE'lTS.

IYELECTRVICVAVL BREAK.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 623,317, dated April 18, 1899;

Original application filed May 5, 1898, Serial No 679,799 Divided and this application filed September 24, 1898. Serial No.

' 691,757. (No model) 1'0 all whom, it ntay concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS E. KINRAIDE,

of Boston, county of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Electric Breaks, of' which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

' is not only destructive of the apparatus, but.

My present application is a'division of my application, Serial No. 679,799, filed May 5,

1898. Electric breaks as heretofore provided have beensubject to considerable sparking, which is very objectionable in its eliects on the current and system being operated, this being especially true of rotary breaks which operate by means of a brush in frictional engageinent with a rotating surface. Accordingly I have invented abreak in which there is no chance for arcing, as there is no surface to are over, and also a leading object of my break. is to provide a means for making an exceedingly quick break with a relatively long period of closed circuit, my break rendering it possible to regulate the period of closed circuit accuthe latter will be more particularly definedin I the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a topplan View of one form of my break, Fig. 2 shows the same in elevation. v

. On a suitable base D, I journal, in a cen- ',tral post or hearing d, a spindle d of an iron plate or armaturev (1 having two or more re-v .gions of varying mass of magnetic material,; herein shown in the form of eccentric edges (1 as clearly shown in Fig.1;

My object is to provide regions of increas ing magnetic attraction to cooperate with one or more suitable electromagnets or solenoid devices so located as to successively attract be explained.

these regions of varying'mass of magneticma terial for rotating the armature, as will .now

Mounted on or otherwise connected to rotate. with the armature d arejone -or'more small antifriction-rollsscl two being herein shown mounted at the opposite ends of a bar d clamped adj ustably onthe'p-la-te 61?. These rolls or circuit-interrupters arepreferably of indurated fiber.

Mounted to extend into the pa h of the rolls d is an arm, (shown as a wired carrying a hammer d 'to contact with anp'ianvil d on a post 61 and limited in its novemen't by a fiber stop I on .the end of an ad-jn'sting screw d. The wire d is carried by a hub (Z loose on'a pin (1 and held under tension by a-spring coil d,,Fig. 2, fastened at one. end to said hub and at its other end to a nut (Z carrying an adjusting orset screw (Z so that by loosen ing the set-screw and swinging its handle one way or the other the resistance of thearm cl may be varied.

Preferably adjacent the periphery of the armature d I place attracting means,-herein shown in the form of solenoids or electromagnets (1 d connected with the main or other source of current by wllies'dfiwhich enter the solenoids at their i-ii'iier terminals, so that as the magnets d" d are energized they attract the armature or plate (lfl'and by the 1n creasing pull exerted thereon onaccount o the eccentric surfaces d? they cause the plate to rotate with a speed only cheeked by the striking of'the interruptersd against the end of the arm d, said rolls being placed rela tively to the highest points of the surfacesd so that they cut off, the current just before said highest points get opposite the propelling-magnets, thereby permitting the momentum of the plate or armature d? to carry said highest points beyond the magnetssufiiciently to prevent the latter. exerting any retarding influence on the rotation of the break,

I Preferably I mount the anvil and hammering the carrier (Z one way or the other. 'llie v same effect may be obtained by sh fting the rod roil or roils d on the plate d provided they are carried, as preferred, on a bar (i so that they can be shifted. This adjustment cannot of course take place while the apparatus is in operation, and therefore for instantaner ous regulation of the apparatus I providethe' swinging carrier (1 A movement of the carrier from right toleft causes the current to be broken before the armature has reached its point of greatest attraction, and as it is moved farther toward the left the pull on the armature exerted by the magnets is diminished more and more,

and the speed of rotation of the armature is correspondingly reduced, thereby reducing the number of breaks and at the same time lengthening the time which the circuit being interrupted is closed.

I place the arm or wire d slightly tangenthe extreme end thereof with least friction,

striking outward instead of square against the end. Thearm d is connected to the main or. branch therefrom at d by means of any suitable conductor d, and the anvil d has as this time occurs slightly before the highest points or places ofgreatest attraction of the armature come opposite the solenoids the latter are rendered inactive merely during the moment when the momentn m of the armature is carrying the latter by the solenoids, so as to bringthe region of'least magnetic mass again opposite the solenoids in position for the la tter, upon becoming active by the making again of the circuit, to renew their pull upon the armature, and thereby continue its rapid revolution. This action is rapidly repeated at every make and break of the instrument.

I prefer to pibvid'e opposite solenoidsin order to render the device perfectly balanced and smooth-running, although it will be understood variationsin this andin all other detaiis of my invention may be made.

the use of my invention the time-period of closed circuit may be made as considerable as desired. With any usual break this would be impossible, for the reason that in order to give an equivalent period of closed circuit the brush would of necessity remain upon the surface of the break so long as to heat frictionally the surfaces, so as to produce acoustant arc, ultimately destroying the break as well as the efficiency of the circuit. In my break there is not only no chance for it to arc, as there is no surface for it to are over, but the break itself is so exceedingly quick that ial to the armature, as will be seen viewing Fig. 1, in {order that the rolls d may strike thereis not even a spark at. the time of break, but there is merely occasionally a residual spark upon the closing of the break.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An electric break comprising a'rotating member, an electromagnet, a break device, and means driven by said rotating member for interrupting said, break device, said rotating member presenting a surface of attraction to said magnet eccentric to the center of rotation of said member, substantially as described.

2. An electric break comprisinga rotating member, an electromagnet, a break device, and means driven by said rotating member for interrupting said break device, said rotating member presenting a surface of attraction to said magnet eccentric to the center of rotation of said member, and means for varying the time of interruption of said break device relatively to the point of highest attra'c tion of said eccentric-surface,snbstantially as described.

3. An electric break comprising a rotating member, an electromagnet, a spring, a break device, means to vary the resistance of said break device, and means driven by said rotating member for interrupting said break device, said'rotating member presenting a surface of attraction to said magnet eccentric to the center of rotation of said member, and means for varying the time of interruption of saidbreak device relatively to the point of highest attraction of said eccentric surface substantially as described.

4. An electric break comprising a rotating member having regions of varying mass of magnetic material producing regions of in creasing magnetic attraction, an electromagnet adjacent said rotating member, a break device, and an interrnpterdrivcn by said rotating member for interrupting the break device, substantially as described.

5. An electric break comprising a rotating member having regions of varying mass of magnetic material producing regions of increasing magnetic attraction, an electromag net adjacent said rotating member, a break device, hn'dan interrupteremrieflblsaid'rotating member for interrupting the break device, substantially as described. 6. An electric break comprisinga rotating member having regions of varying mass of' magnetic material producing regions of increasing magnetic attraction, an electromagnet adjacent said rotating member, a break device, and a pivoted roll carried by said rotating member for interrupting the break device, substantially as described.

7. An electric break comprising a rotating member having regions of increasing magnetic attraction, an electromagnet adjacent said rotating member, a break device, and a pivoted roll carried by said rotating member for interrnpting thebreak device, and means for adjusting said roll on said rotating member, substantially as described.

8. An electric break comprising arotating' member having regionsof. increasing magnetic attraction, an electromagnet adjacent said rotating member, a break device, and an interrupter carried by said rotating member for interrupting the break device, said break device being mounted on a carrier movable concentrically to said rotating member, sub-.

stantially as described;

10. An electric break comprising a rotating member having regions of increasing magnetic attraction, an 'electromagnet adjacent said rotating. member, a break device, and a revolving interrupter driven by said rotating member, said break device including a yielding arm projecting obliquely into the path of said interrupter, substantially as described. -11. An'electric break comprising an arm carrying a hammer, an anvil opposite said hammer, said arm being yieldingly supported and provided with. means for regulating the tension or resistance thereof, an interrupter for engaging the free end of said arm, and automatic means operated by the current being broken for driving said interrupter, substantially as described.

' In testimony whereof I have signed my' name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses THOMAS B. KINRAIDE.

Witnesses GEO. H. MAXWELL, ALEXANDER C. PROUDFIT. 

